Instantons and lattices of smooth 4-manifolds with boundary

Given a 3-manifold Y, what are the possible definite intersection forms of smooth 4-manifolds with boundary Y? Donaldson’s theorem says that if Y is the 3-sphere, then all such intersection forms are standard integer Euclidean lattices. I will survey some new progress on this problem, for other 3-manifolds, that comes from instanton Floer theory.