Calendar

< 2022 >
April 24 - April 30
  • 24
    April 24, 2022
    No events
  • 25
    April 25, 2022
    No events
  • 26
    April 26, 2022

    CMSA Combinatorics, Physics and Probability Seminar: Algebraic Statistics with a View towards Physics

    9:00 AM-10:00 AM
    April 26, 2022
    1 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA

    We discuss the algebraic geometry of maximum likelihood estimation from the perspective of scattering amplitudes in particle physics. A guiding examples the moduli space of n-pointed rational curves. The scattering potential plays the role of the log-likelihood function, and its critical points are solutions to rational function equations. Their number is an Euler characteristic. Soft limit degenerations are combined with certified numerical methods for concrete computations.


    This seminar will be held in person and online via Zoom.

    To register for the in person seminar, please see: https://forms.gle/rMHV1fQP6Lu576eH9

    For information on how to join, please see:  https://cmsa.fas.harvard.edu/seminars-and-colloquium/

    CMSA Algebraic Geometry in String Theory: Modularity of mirror families of log Calabi--Yau surfaces

    9:30 AM-10:30 AM
    April 26, 2022

     In ‘Mirror symmetry for log Calabi–Yau surfaces I’, given a smooth log Calabi–Yau surface pair (Y,D), Gross–Hacking–Keel constructed its mirror family as the spectrum of an explicit algebra whose structure coefficients are determined by the enumerative geometry of (Y,D). As a follow-up of the work of Gross–Hacking–Keel, when (Y,D) is positive, we prove the modularity of the mirror family as the universal family of log Calabi-Yau surface pairs deformation equivalent to (Y,D) with at worst du Val singularities. As a corollary, we show that the ring of regular functions of a smooth affine log Calabi–Yau surface has a canonical basis of theta functions. The key step towards the proof of the main theorem is the application of the tropical construction of singular cycles and explicit formulas of period integrals given in the work of Helge–Siebert. This is joint work with Jonathan Lai.

    For information on how to join, please see:  https://cmsa.fas.harvard.edu/seminars-and-colloquium/


    Harvard-MIT Algebraic Geometry Seminar: Generalized crystalline cohomology theories

    3:00 PM-4:00 PM
    April 26, 2022

    For a prime number p, the crystalline cohomology of an F_p-scheme can be regarded as an analogue of the singular cohomology with Z_p coefficients of a topological space. On the topological side, there are other “generalized” cohomology theories, e.g. K-theory and cobordism, and these are related to natural operations on singular cohomology. In this talk, I will discuss analogues of these generalized cohomology theories and cohomology operations in the crystalline setting.


     

  • 27
    April 27, 2022

    CMSA Workshop on Nonlinear Algebra and Combinatorics from Physics

    All day
    April 27, 2022-April 29, 2022

    On April 27–29, 2022, the CMSA will host a workshop on Nonlinear Algebra and Combinatorics.

    Organizers: Bernd Sturmfels (MPI Leipzig) and Lauren Williams (Harvard).

    In recent years, ideas from integrable systems and scattering amplitudes have led to advances in nonlinear algebra and combinatorics. In this short workshop, aimed at younger participants in the field, we will explore some of the interactions between the above topics.

    The workshop will be held in room G10 of the CMSA, located at 20 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA. For a list of lodging options convenient to the Center, please visit our recommended lodgings page.

    All non-Harvard affiliated visitors to the CMSA building are required to complete this covid form prior to arrival: https://forms.gle/xKykcNcXq7ciZuvJ8

    Registration is required: Register Online


    Speakers:

    • Federico Ardila (San Francisco State)
    • Nima Arkani-Hamed (IAS)
    • Madeline Brandt (Brown)
    • Nick Early (Max Planck Institute)
    • Chris Eur (Harvard)
    • Claudia Fevola (Max Planck Institute)
    • Christian Gaetz (Harvard)
    • Yuji Kodama (Ohio State University)
    • Yelena Mandelshtam (Berkeley)
    • Sebastian Mizera (IAS)
    • Matteo Parisi (Harvard CMSA)
    • Emma Previato (Boston University)
    • Anna Seigal (Harvard)
    • Melissa Sherman-Bennett (University of Michigan)
    • Simon Telen (Max Planck Institute)
    • Charles Wang (Harvard)

    Schedule

    Wednesday, April 27, 2022

    9:30 am–10:30 amFederico ArdilaTitle: Nonlinear spaces from linear spaces

    Abstract: Matroid theory provides a combinatorial model for linearity, but it plays useful roles beyond linearity. In the classical setup, a linear subspace V of an n-dimensional vector space gives rise to a matroid M(V) on {1,…,n}. However, the matroid M(V) also knows about some nonlinear geometric spaces related to V. Conversely, those nonlinear spaces teach us things we didn’t know about matroids. My talk will discuss some examples.

    10:30 am–11:00 amCOFFEE BREAK
    11:00 am–11:45 amChris EurTitle: Tautological classes of matroids

    Abstract: Algebraic geometry has furnished fruitful tools for studying matroids, which are combinatorial abstractions of hyperplane arrangements. We first survey some recent developments, pointing out how these developments remained partially disjoint. We then introduce certain vector bundles (K-classes) on permutohedral varieties, which we call “tautological bundles (classes)” of matroids, as a new framework that unifies, recovers, and extends these recent developments. Our framework leads to new questions that further probe the boundary between combinatorics and geometry. Joint work with Andrew Berget, Hunter Spink, and Dennis Tseng.

    11:45 am–2:00 pmLUNCH BREAK
    2:00 pm–2:45 pmNick EarlyTitle: Biadjoint Scalars and Associahedra from Residues of Generalized Amplitudes

    Abstract: The associahedron is known to encapsulate physical properties such as the notion of tree-level factorization for one of the simplest Quantum Field Theories, the biadjoint scalar, which has only cubic interactions.  I will discuss novel instances of the associahedron and the biadjoint scalar in a class of generalized amplitudes, discovered by Cachazo, Early, Guevara and Mizera, by taking certain limits thereof. This connection leads to a simple proof of a new realization of the associahedron involving a Minkowski sum of certain positroid polytopes in the second hypersimplex.

    2:45 pm–3:30 pmAnna SeigalTitle: Invariant theory for maximum likelihood estimation

    Abstract: I will talk about work to uncover connections between invariant theory and maximum likelihood estimation. I will describe how norm minimization over a torus orbit is equivalent to maximum likelihood estimation in log-linear models. We will see the role played by polytopes and discuss connections to scaling algorithms. Based on joint work with Carlos Améndola, Kathlén Kohn, and Philipp Reichenbach.

    3:30 pm–4:00 pmCOFFEE BREAK
    4:00 pm–4:45 pmMatteo ParisiTitle: Amplituhedra, Scattering Amplitudes, and Triangulations

    Abstract: In this talk I will discuss about Amplituhedra – generalizations of polytopes inside the Grassmannian – introduced by physicists to encode interactions of elementary particles in certain Quantum Field Theories. In particular, I will explain how the problem of finding triangulations of Amplituhedra is connected to computing scattering amplitudes of N=4 super Yang-Mills theory.
    Triangulations of polygons are encoded in the associahedron, studied by Stasheff in the sixties; in the case of polytopes, triangulations are captured by secondary polytopes, constructed by Gelfand et al. in the nineties. Whereas a “secondary” geometry describing triangulations of Amplituhedra is still not known, and we pave the way for such studies. I will discuss how the combinatorics of triangulations interplays with T-duality from String Theory, in connection with the Momentum Amplituhedron. A generalization of T-duality led us to discover a striking duality between Amplituhedra of “m=2” type and a seemingly unrelated object – the Hypersimplex. The latter is a polytope which appears in many contexts, from matroid theory to tropical geometry.
    Based on joint works with Lauren Williams, Melissa Sherman-Bennett, Tomasz Lukowski.

    4:45 pm–5:30 pmMelissa Sherman-BennettTitle: The hypersimplex and the m=2 amplituhedron

    Abstract: In this talk, I’ll continue where Matteo left off. I’ll give some more details about the curious correspondence between the m=2 amplituhedron, a 2k-dimensional subset of Gr(k, k+2), and the hypersimplex, an (n-1)-dimensional polytope in R^n. The amplituhedron and hypersimplex are both images of the totally nonnegative Grassmannian under some map (the amplituhedron map and the moment map, respectively), but are different dimensions and live in very different ambient spaces. I’ll talk about joint work with Matteo Parisi and Lauren Williams in which we give a bijection between decompositions of the amplituhedron and decompositions of the hypersimplex (originally conjectured by Lukowski–Parisi–Williams). The hypersimplex decompositions are closely related to matroidal subdivisions. Along the way, we prove a nice description of the m=2 amplituhedron conjectured by Arkani-Hamed–Thomas–Trnka and give a new decomposition of the m=2 amplituhedron into Eulerian-number-many chambers, inspired by an analogous triangulation of the hypersimplex into Eulerian-number-many simplices.

     

    Thursday, April 28, 2022

    9:30 am–10:30 amClaudia FevolaTitle: Nonlinear Algebra meets Feynman integrals

    Abstract: Feynman integrals play a central role in particle physics in the theory of scattering amplitudes. They form a finite-dimensional vector space and the elements of a basis are named “master integrals” in the physics literature. The number of master integrals has been interpreted in different ways: it equals the dimension of a twisted de Rham cohomology group, the Euler characteristic of a very affine variety, and the holonomic rank of a D-module. In this talk, we are interested in a more general family of integrals that contains Feynman integrals as a special case. We explore this setting using tools coming from nonlinear algebra. This is an ongoing project with Daniele Agostini, Anna-Laura Sattelberger, and Simon Telen.

    10:30 am–11:00 amCOFFEE BREAK
    11:00 am–11:45 amSimon TelenTitle: Landau discriminants

    Abstract: The Landau discriminant is a projective variety containing kinematic parameters for which a Feynman integral can have singularities. We present a definition and geometric properties. We discuss how to compute Landau discriminants using symbolic and numerical methods. Our methods can be used, for instance, to compute the Landau discriminant of the pentabox diagram, which is a degree 12 hypersurface in 6-space. This is joint work with Sebastian Mizera.

    11:45 am–2:00 pmLUNCH BREAK
    2:00 pm–2:45 pmChristian GaetzTitle: 1-skeleton posets of Bruhat interval polytopes

    Abstract: Bruhat interval polytopes are a well-studied class of generalized permutohedra which arise as moment map images of various toric varieties and totally positive spaces in the flag variety. I will describe work in progress in which I study the 1-skeleta of these polytopes, viewed as posets interpolating between weak order and Bruhat order. In many cases these posets are lattices and the polytopes, despite not being simple, have interesting h-vectors. In a special case, work of Williams shows that Bruhat interval polytopes are isomorphic to bridge polytopes, so that chains in the 1-skeleton poset correspond to BCFW-bridge decompositions of plabic graphs.

    2:45 pm–3:30 pmMadeleine BrandtTitle: Top Weight Cohomology of $A_g$

    Abstract: I will discuss a recent project in computing the top weight cohomology of the moduli space $A_g$ of principally polarized abelian varieties of dimension $g$ for small values of $g$. This piece of the cohomology is controlled by the combinatorics of the boundary strata of a compactification of $A_g$. Thus, it can be computed combinatorially. This is joint work with Juliette Bruce, Melody Chan, Margarida Melo, Gwyneth Moreland, and Corey Wolfe.

    3:30 pm–4:00 pmCOFFEE BREAK
    4:00 pm–5:00 pmEmma PreviatoTitle: Sigma function on curves with non-symmetric semigroup

    Abstract: We start with an overview of the correspondence between spectral curves and commutative rings of differential operators, integrable hierarchies of non-linear PDEs and Jacobian vector fields. The coefficients of the operators can be written explicitly in terms of the Kleinian sigma function: Weierstrass’ sigma function was generalized to genus greater than one by Klein, and is a ubiquitous tool in integrability. The most accessible case is the sigma function of telescopic curves. In joint work with J. Komeda and S. Matsutani, we construct a curve with non-symmetric Weierstrass semigroup (equivalently, Young tableau), consequently non-telescopic, and its sigma function. We conclude with possible applications to commutative rings of differential operators.

    6:00 pmDinner Banquet, Gran Gusto Trattoria

     

    Friday, April 29, 2022

    9:00 am–10:00 amYuji KodamaTitle: KP solitons and algebraic curves

    Abstract: It is well-known that soliton solutions of the KdV hierarchy are obtained by singular limits of hyper-elliptic curves. However, there is no general results for soliton solutions of the KP hierarchy, KP solitons. In this talk, I will show that some of the KP solitons are related to the singular space curves associated with certain class of numerical semigroups.

    10:00 am–10:30 amCOFFEE BREAK
    10:30 am–11:15 amYelena MandelshtamTitle: Curves, degenerations, and Hirota varieties

    Abstract: The Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) equation is a differential equation whose study yields interesting connections between integrable systems and algebraic geometry. In this talk I will discuss solutions to the KP equation whose underlying algebraic curves undergo tropical degenerations. In these cases, Riemann’s theta function becomes a finite exponential sum that is supported on a Delaunay polytope. I will introduce the Hirota variety which parametrizes all KP solutions arising from such a sum. I will then discuss a special case, studying the Hirota variety of a rational nodal curve. Of particular interest is an irreducible subvariety that is the image of a parameterization map. Proving that this is a component of the Hirota variety entails solving a weak Schottky problem for rational nodal curves. This talk is based on joint work with Daniele Agostini, Claudia Fevola, and Bernd Sturmfels.

    11:15 am–12:00 pmCharles WangTitle: Differential Algebra of Commuting Operators

    Abstract: In this talk, we will give an overview of the problem of finding the centralizer of a fixed differential operator in a ring of differential operators, along with connections to integrable hierarchies and soliton solutions to e.g. the KdV or KP equations. Given these interesting connections, it is important to be able to compute centralizers of differential operators, and we discuss how to use techniques from differential algebra to approach this question, as well as how having these computational tools can help in understanding the structure of soliton solutions to these equations.

    12:00 pm–2:00 pmLUNCH BREAK
    2:00 pm–3:00 pmSebastian MizeraTitle: Feynman Polytopes

    Abstract: I will give an introduction to a class of polytopes that recently emerged in the study of scattering amplitudes in quantum field theory.

    3:00 pm–3:30 pmCOFFEE BREAK
    3:30 pm–4:30 pmNima Arkani-HamedTitle: Spacetime, Quantum Mechanics and Combinatorial Geometries at Infinity

    CMSA Workshop on Nonlinear Algebra and Combinatorics from Physics

    9:00 AM-6:00 PM
    April 27, 2022-April 29, 2022
    1 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA

    In recent years, ideas from integrable systems and scattering amplitudes have led to advances in nonlinear algebra and combinatorics. In this short workshop, aimed at younger participants in the field, we will explore some of the interactions between the above topics.

    Invited speakers include Federico Ardila, Nima Arkani-Hamed, Madeleine Brandt, Freddy Cachazo, Chris Eur, Claudia Fevola, Christian Gaetz, Yuji Kodama, Fatemeh Mohammadi, Matteo Parisi, Anna Seigal, Melissa Sherman-Bennett, Simon Telen, and Charles Wang.

     

    The workshop will be held in room G10 of the CMSA, located at 20 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA


    For more information, please see https://cmsa.fas.harvard.edu/nonlinear-algebra-and-combinatorics/

    CMSA Colloquium: Long common subsequences between bit-strings and the zero-rate threshold of deletion-correcting codes

    9:30 AM-10:30 AM
    April 27, 2022

    Suppose we transmit n bits on a noisy channel that deletes some fraction of the bits arbitrarily. What’s the supremum p* of deletion fractions that can be corrected with a binary code of non-vanishing rate? Evidently p* is at most 1/2 as the adversary can delete all occurrences of the minority bit. It was unknown whether this simple upper bound could be improved, or one could in fact correct deletion fractions approaching 1/2.

    We show that there exist absolute constants A and delta > 0 such that any subset of n-bit strings of size exp((log n)^A) must contain two strings with a common subsequence of length (1/2+delta)n. This immediately implies that the zero-rate threshold p* of worst-case bit deletions is bounded away from 1/2.

    Our techniques include string regularity arguments and a structural lemma that classifies bit-strings by their oscillation patterns. Leveraging these tools, we find in any large code two strings with similar oscillation patterns, which is exploited to find a long common subsequence.

    This is joint work with Xiaoyu He and Ray Li.


    For information on how to join, please see:  https://cmsa.fas.harvard.edu/seminars-and-colloquium/

    Number Theory Seminar: Slopes of modular forms and reductions of crystalline representations

    3:00 PM-4:00 PM
    April 27, 2022
    1 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA

    The ghost conjecture predicts slopes of modular forms whose residual representation is locally reducible.  In this talk, we’ll examine locally irreducible representations and discuss recent progress on formulating a conjecture in this case.  It’s a lot trickier and the story remains incomplete, but we will discuss how an irregular ghost conjecture is intimately related to reductions of crystalline representations.


     

  • 28
    April 28, 2022

    CMSA Workshop on Nonlinear Algebra and Combinatorics from Physics

    All day
    April 28, 2022-April 29, 2022

    On April 27–29, 2022, the CMSA will host a workshop on Nonlinear Algebra and Combinatorics.

    Organizers: Bernd Sturmfels (MPI Leipzig) and Lauren Williams (Harvard).

    In recent years, ideas from integrable systems and scattering amplitudes have led to advances in nonlinear algebra and combinatorics. In this short workshop, aimed at younger participants in the field, we will explore some of the interactions between the above topics.

    The workshop will be held in room G10 of the CMSA, located at 20 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA. For a list of lodging options convenient to the Center, please visit our recommended lodgings page.

    All non-Harvard affiliated visitors to the CMSA building are required to complete this covid form prior to arrival: https://forms.gle/xKykcNcXq7ciZuvJ8

    Registration is required: Register Online


    Speakers:

    • Federico Ardila (San Francisco State)
    • Nima Arkani-Hamed (IAS)
    • Madeline Brandt (Brown)
    • Nick Early (Max Planck Institute)
    • Chris Eur (Harvard)
    • Claudia Fevola (Max Planck Institute)
    • Christian Gaetz (Harvard)
    • Yuji Kodama (Ohio State University)
    • Yelena Mandelshtam (Berkeley)
    • Sebastian Mizera (IAS)
    • Matteo Parisi (Harvard CMSA)
    • Emma Previato (Boston University)
    • Anna Seigal (Harvard)
    • Melissa Sherman-Bennett (University of Michigan)
    • Simon Telen (Max Planck Institute)
    • Charles Wang (Harvard)

    Schedule

    Wednesday, April 27, 2022

    9:30 am–10:30 amFederico ArdilaTitle: Nonlinear spaces from linear spaces

    Abstract: Matroid theory provides a combinatorial model for linearity, but it plays useful roles beyond linearity. In the classical setup, a linear subspace V of an n-dimensional vector space gives rise to a matroid M(V) on {1,…,n}. However, the matroid M(V) also knows about some nonlinear geometric spaces related to V. Conversely, those nonlinear spaces teach us things we didn’t know about matroids. My talk will discuss some examples.

    10:30 am–11:00 amCOFFEE BREAK
    11:00 am–11:45 amChris EurTitle: Tautological classes of matroids

    Abstract: Algebraic geometry has furnished fruitful tools for studying matroids, which are combinatorial abstractions of hyperplane arrangements. We first survey some recent developments, pointing out how these developments remained partially disjoint. We then introduce certain vector bundles (K-classes) on permutohedral varieties, which we call “tautological bundles (classes)” of matroids, as a new framework that unifies, recovers, and extends these recent developments. Our framework leads to new questions that further probe the boundary between combinatorics and geometry. Joint work with Andrew Berget, Hunter Spink, and Dennis Tseng.

    11:45 am–2:00 pmLUNCH BREAK
    2:00 pm–2:45 pmNick EarlyTitle: Biadjoint Scalars and Associahedra from Residues of Generalized Amplitudes

    Abstract: The associahedron is known to encapsulate physical properties such as the notion of tree-level factorization for one of the simplest Quantum Field Theories, the biadjoint scalar, which has only cubic interactions.  I will discuss novel instances of the associahedron and the biadjoint scalar in a class of generalized amplitudes, discovered by Cachazo, Early, Guevara and Mizera, by taking certain limits thereof. This connection leads to a simple proof of a new realization of the associahedron involving a Minkowski sum of certain positroid polytopes in the second hypersimplex.

    2:45 pm–3:30 pmAnna SeigalTitle: Invariant theory for maximum likelihood estimation

    Abstract: I will talk about work to uncover connections between invariant theory and maximum likelihood estimation. I will describe how norm minimization over a torus orbit is equivalent to maximum likelihood estimation in log-linear models. We will see the role played by polytopes and discuss connections to scaling algorithms. Based on joint work with Carlos Améndola, Kathlén Kohn, and Philipp Reichenbach.

    3:30 pm–4:00 pmCOFFEE BREAK
    4:00 pm–4:45 pmMatteo ParisiTitle: Amplituhedra, Scattering Amplitudes, and Triangulations

    Abstract: In this talk I will discuss about Amplituhedra – generalizations of polytopes inside the Grassmannian – introduced by physicists to encode interactions of elementary particles in certain Quantum Field Theories. In particular, I will explain how the problem of finding triangulations of Amplituhedra is connected to computing scattering amplitudes of N=4 super Yang-Mills theory.
    Triangulations of polygons are encoded in the associahedron, studied by Stasheff in the sixties; in the case of polytopes, triangulations are captured by secondary polytopes, constructed by Gelfand et al. in the nineties. Whereas a “secondary” geometry describing triangulations of Amplituhedra is still not known, and we pave the way for such studies. I will discuss how the combinatorics of triangulations interplays with T-duality from String Theory, in connection with the Momentum Amplituhedron. A generalization of T-duality led us to discover a striking duality between Amplituhedra of “m=2” type and a seemingly unrelated object – the Hypersimplex. The latter is a polytope which appears in many contexts, from matroid theory to tropical geometry.
    Based on joint works with Lauren Williams, Melissa Sherman-Bennett, Tomasz Lukowski.

    4:45 pm–5:30 pmMelissa Sherman-BennettTitle: The hypersimplex and the m=2 amplituhedron

    Abstract: In this talk, I’ll continue where Matteo left off. I’ll give some more details about the curious correspondence between the m=2 amplituhedron, a 2k-dimensional subset of Gr(k, k+2), and the hypersimplex, an (n-1)-dimensional polytope in R^n. The amplituhedron and hypersimplex are both images of the totally nonnegative Grassmannian under some map (the amplituhedron map and the moment map, respectively), but are different dimensions and live in very different ambient spaces. I’ll talk about joint work with Matteo Parisi and Lauren Williams in which we give a bijection between decompositions of the amplituhedron and decompositions of the hypersimplex (originally conjectured by Lukowski–Parisi–Williams). The hypersimplex decompositions are closely related to matroidal subdivisions. Along the way, we prove a nice description of the m=2 amplituhedron conjectured by Arkani-Hamed–Thomas–Trnka and give a new decomposition of the m=2 amplituhedron into Eulerian-number-many chambers, inspired by an analogous triangulation of the hypersimplex into Eulerian-number-many simplices.

     

    Thursday, April 28, 2022

    9:30 am–10:30 amClaudia FevolaTitle: Nonlinear Algebra meets Feynman integrals

    Abstract: Feynman integrals play a central role in particle physics in the theory of scattering amplitudes. They form a finite-dimensional vector space and the elements of a basis are named “master integrals” in the physics literature. The number of master integrals has been interpreted in different ways: it equals the dimension of a twisted de Rham cohomology group, the Euler characteristic of a very affine variety, and the holonomic rank of a D-module. In this talk, we are interested in a more general family of integrals that contains Feynman integrals as a special case. We explore this setting using tools coming from nonlinear algebra. This is an ongoing project with Daniele Agostini, Anna-Laura Sattelberger, and Simon Telen.

    10:30 am–11:00 amCOFFEE BREAK
    11:00 am–11:45 amSimon TelenTitle: Landau discriminants

    Abstract: The Landau discriminant is a projective variety containing kinematic parameters for which a Feynman integral can have singularities. We present a definition and geometric properties. We discuss how to compute Landau discriminants using symbolic and numerical methods. Our methods can be used, for instance, to compute the Landau discriminant of the pentabox diagram, which is a degree 12 hypersurface in 6-space. This is joint work with Sebastian Mizera.

    11:45 am–2:00 pmLUNCH BREAK
    2:00 pm–2:45 pmChristian GaetzTitle: 1-skeleton posets of Bruhat interval polytopes

    Abstract: Bruhat interval polytopes are a well-studied class of generalized permutohedra which arise as moment map images of various toric varieties and totally positive spaces in the flag variety. I will describe work in progress in which I study the 1-skeleta of these polytopes, viewed as posets interpolating between weak order and Bruhat order. In many cases these posets are lattices and the polytopes, despite not being simple, have interesting h-vectors. In a special case, work of Williams shows that Bruhat interval polytopes are isomorphic to bridge polytopes, so that chains in the 1-skeleton poset correspond to BCFW-bridge decompositions of plabic graphs.

    2:45 pm–3:30 pmMadeleine BrandtTitle: Top Weight Cohomology of $A_g$

    Abstract: I will discuss a recent project in computing the top weight cohomology of the moduli space $A_g$ of principally polarized abelian varieties of dimension $g$ for small values of $g$. This piece of the cohomology is controlled by the combinatorics of the boundary strata of a compactification of $A_g$. Thus, it can be computed combinatorially. This is joint work with Juliette Bruce, Melody Chan, Margarida Melo, Gwyneth Moreland, and Corey Wolfe.

    3:30 pm–4:00 pmCOFFEE BREAK
    4:00 pm–5:00 pmEmma PreviatoTitle: Sigma function on curves with non-symmetric semigroup

    Abstract: We start with an overview of the correspondence between spectral curves and commutative rings of differential operators, integrable hierarchies of non-linear PDEs and Jacobian vector fields. The coefficients of the operators can be written explicitly in terms of the Kleinian sigma function: Weierstrass’ sigma function was generalized to genus greater than one by Klein, and is a ubiquitous tool in integrability. The most accessible case is the sigma function of telescopic curves. In joint work with J. Komeda and S. Matsutani, we construct a curve with non-symmetric Weierstrass semigroup (equivalently, Young tableau), consequently non-telescopic, and its sigma function. We conclude with possible applications to commutative rings of differential operators.

    6:00 pmDinner Banquet, Gran Gusto Trattoria

     

    Friday, April 29, 2022

    9:00 am–10:00 amYuji KodamaTitle: KP solitons and algebraic curves

    Abstract: It is well-known that soliton solutions of the KdV hierarchy are obtained by singular limits of hyper-elliptic curves. However, there is no general results for soliton solutions of the KP hierarchy, KP solitons. In this talk, I will show that some of the KP solitons are related to the singular space curves associated with certain class of numerical semigroups.

    10:00 am–10:30 amCOFFEE BREAK
    10:30 am–11:15 amYelena MandelshtamTitle: Curves, degenerations, and Hirota varieties

    Abstract: The Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) equation is a differential equation whose study yields interesting connections between integrable systems and algebraic geometry. In this talk I will discuss solutions to the KP equation whose underlying algebraic curves undergo tropical degenerations. In these cases, Riemann’s theta function becomes a finite exponential sum that is supported on a Delaunay polytope. I will introduce the Hirota variety which parametrizes all KP solutions arising from such a sum. I will then discuss a special case, studying the Hirota variety of a rational nodal curve. Of particular interest is an irreducible subvariety that is the image of a parameterization map. Proving that this is a component of the Hirota variety entails solving a weak Schottky problem for rational nodal curves. This talk is based on joint work with Daniele Agostini, Claudia Fevola, and Bernd Sturmfels.

    11:15 am–12:00 pmCharles WangTitle: Differential Algebra of Commuting Operators

    Abstract: In this talk, we will give an overview of the problem of finding the centralizer of a fixed differential operator in a ring of differential operators, along with connections to integrable hierarchies and soliton solutions to e.g. the KdV or KP equations. Given these interesting connections, it is important to be able to compute centralizers of differential operators, and we discuss how to use techniques from differential algebra to approach this question, as well as how having these computational tools can help in understanding the structure of soliton solutions to these equations.

    12:00 pm–2:00 pmLUNCH BREAK
    2:00 pm–3:00 pmSebastian MizeraTitle: Feynman Polytopes

    Abstract: I will give an introduction to a class of polytopes that recently emerged in the study of scattering amplitudes in quantum field theory.

    3:00 pm–3:30 pmCOFFEE BREAK
    3:30 pm–4:30 pmNima Arkani-HamedTitle: Spacetime, Quantum Mechanics and Combinatorial Geometries at Infinity

    CMSA Interdisciplinary Science Seminar: Intersection number and systole on hyperbolic surfaces

    9:00 AM-10:00 AM
    April 28, 2022

    Let X be a compact hyperbolic surface. We can see that there is a constant C(X) such that the intersection number of the closed geodesics is  \leq C(X) times the product of their lengths. Consider the optimum constant C(X). In this talk, we describe its asymptotic behavior in terms of systole,  length of the shortest closed geodesic on X.


    For information on how to join, please go to: https://cmsa.fas.harvard.edu/interdisciplinary-science-seminar

     

     

     

    CMSA Workshop on Nonlinear Algebra and Combinatorics from Physics

    9:00 AM-6:00 PM
    April 28, 2022-April 29, 2022
    1 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA

    In recent years, ideas from integrable systems and scattering amplitudes have led to advances in nonlinear algebra and combinatorics. In this short workshop, aimed at younger participants in the field, we will explore some of the interactions between the above topics.

    Invited speakers include Federico Ardila, Nima Arkani-Hamed, Madeleine Brandt, Freddy Cachazo, Chris Eur, Claudia Fevola, Christian Gaetz, Yuji Kodama, Fatemeh Mohammadi, Matteo Parisi, Anna Seigal, Melissa Sherman-Bennett, Simon Telen, and Charles Wang.

     

    The workshop will be held in room G10 of the CMSA, located at 20 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA


    For more information, please see https://cmsa.fas.harvard.edu/nonlinear-algebra-and-combinatorics/

    CMSA Quantum Matter in Mathematics and Physics: Aspects of 4d supersymmetric dynamics and geometry

    10:30 AM-12:00 PM
    April 28, 2022

    We will overview the program of geometrically engineering four dimensional supersymmetric QFTs as compactifications of six dimensional SCFTs. In particular we will discuss how strong coupling phenomena in four dimensions, such as duality and emergence of symmetry, can be better understood in such geometric constructions.


    For information on how to join, please see:  https://cmsa.fas.harvard.edu/seminars-and-colloquium/

    CMSA Active Matter Seminar: Building active nematic and active polar liquids out of biological machines

    1:00 PM-2:00 PM
    April 28, 2022

    Active matter describes out-of-equilibrium materials composed of motile building blocks that convert free energy into mechanical work. The continuous input of energy at the particle scale liberates these systems from the constraints of thermodynamic equilibrium, leading to emergent collective behaviors not found in passive materials. In this talk, I will describe our recent efforts to build simple active systems composed of purified proteins and identify generic emergent behaviors in active systems. I will first discuss two distinct activity-driven instabilities in suspensions of microtubules and molecular motors. Second, I will describe a new model system for polar fluid whose collective dynamics are driven by the non-equilibrium turnover of actin filaments. Our results illustrate how biomimetic materials can serve as a platform for studying non-equilibrium statistical mechanics, as well as shine light on the physical mechanisms that regulate self-organization in living matter.


     

  • 29
    April 29, 2022

    CMSA Workshop on Nonlinear Algebra and Combinatorics from Physics

    All day
    April 29, 2022-April 29, 2022

    On April 27–29, 2022, the CMSA will host a workshop on Nonlinear Algebra and Combinatorics.

    Organizers: Bernd Sturmfels (MPI Leipzig) and Lauren Williams (Harvard).

    In recent years, ideas from integrable systems and scattering amplitudes have led to advances in nonlinear algebra and combinatorics. In this short workshop, aimed at younger participants in the field, we will explore some of the interactions between the above topics.

    The workshop will be held in room G10 of the CMSA, located at 20 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA. For a list of lodging options convenient to the Center, please visit our recommended lodgings page.

    All non-Harvard affiliated visitors to the CMSA building are required to complete this covid form prior to arrival: https://forms.gle/xKykcNcXq7ciZuvJ8

    Registration is required: Register Online


    Speakers:

    • Federico Ardila (San Francisco State)
    • Nima Arkani-Hamed (IAS)
    • Madeline Brandt (Brown)
    • Nick Early (Max Planck Institute)
    • Chris Eur (Harvard)
    • Claudia Fevola (Max Planck Institute)
    • Christian Gaetz (Harvard)
    • Yuji Kodama (Ohio State University)
    • Yelena Mandelshtam (Berkeley)
    • Sebastian Mizera (IAS)
    • Matteo Parisi (Harvard CMSA)
    • Emma Previato (Boston University)
    • Anna Seigal (Harvard)
    • Melissa Sherman-Bennett (University of Michigan)
    • Simon Telen (Max Planck Institute)
    • Charles Wang (Harvard)

    Schedule

    Wednesday, April 27, 2022

    9:30 am–10:30 amFederico ArdilaTitle: Nonlinear spaces from linear spaces

    Abstract: Matroid theory provides a combinatorial model for linearity, but it plays useful roles beyond linearity. In the classical setup, a linear subspace V of an n-dimensional vector space gives rise to a matroid M(V) on {1,…,n}. However, the matroid M(V) also knows about some nonlinear geometric spaces related to V. Conversely, those nonlinear spaces teach us things we didn’t know about matroids. My talk will discuss some examples.

    10:30 am–11:00 amCOFFEE BREAK
    11:00 am–11:45 amChris EurTitle: Tautological classes of matroids

    Abstract: Algebraic geometry has furnished fruitful tools for studying matroids, which are combinatorial abstractions of hyperplane arrangements. We first survey some recent developments, pointing out how these developments remained partially disjoint. We then introduce certain vector bundles (K-classes) on permutohedral varieties, which we call “tautological bundles (classes)” of matroids, as a new framework that unifies, recovers, and extends these recent developments. Our framework leads to new questions that further probe the boundary between combinatorics and geometry. Joint work with Andrew Berget, Hunter Spink, and Dennis Tseng.

    11:45 am–2:00 pmLUNCH BREAK
    2:00 pm–2:45 pmNick EarlyTitle: Biadjoint Scalars and Associahedra from Residues of Generalized Amplitudes

    Abstract: The associahedron is known to encapsulate physical properties such as the notion of tree-level factorization for one of the simplest Quantum Field Theories, the biadjoint scalar, which has only cubic interactions.  I will discuss novel instances of the associahedron and the biadjoint scalar in a class of generalized amplitudes, discovered by Cachazo, Early, Guevara and Mizera, by taking certain limits thereof. This connection leads to a simple proof of a new realization of the associahedron involving a Minkowski sum of certain positroid polytopes in the second hypersimplex.

    2:45 pm–3:30 pmAnna SeigalTitle: Invariant theory for maximum likelihood estimation

    Abstract: I will talk about work to uncover connections between invariant theory and maximum likelihood estimation. I will describe how norm minimization over a torus orbit is equivalent to maximum likelihood estimation in log-linear models. We will see the role played by polytopes and discuss connections to scaling algorithms. Based on joint work with Carlos Améndola, Kathlén Kohn, and Philipp Reichenbach.

    3:30 pm–4:00 pmCOFFEE BREAK
    4:00 pm–4:45 pmMatteo ParisiTitle: Amplituhedra, Scattering Amplitudes, and Triangulations

    Abstract: In this talk I will discuss about Amplituhedra – generalizations of polytopes inside the Grassmannian – introduced by physicists to encode interactions of elementary particles in certain Quantum Field Theories. In particular, I will explain how the problem of finding triangulations of Amplituhedra is connected to computing scattering amplitudes of N=4 super Yang-Mills theory.
    Triangulations of polygons are encoded in the associahedron, studied by Stasheff in the sixties; in the case of polytopes, triangulations are captured by secondary polytopes, constructed by Gelfand et al. in the nineties. Whereas a “secondary” geometry describing triangulations of Amplituhedra is still not known, and we pave the way for such studies. I will discuss how the combinatorics of triangulations interplays with T-duality from String Theory, in connection with the Momentum Amplituhedron. A generalization of T-duality led us to discover a striking duality between Amplituhedra of “m=2” type and a seemingly unrelated object – the Hypersimplex. The latter is a polytope which appears in many contexts, from matroid theory to tropical geometry.
    Based on joint works with Lauren Williams, Melissa Sherman-Bennett, Tomasz Lukowski.

    4:45 pm–5:30 pmMelissa Sherman-BennettTitle: The hypersimplex and the m=2 amplituhedron

    Abstract: In this talk, I’ll continue where Matteo left off. I’ll give some more details about the curious correspondence between the m=2 amplituhedron, a 2k-dimensional subset of Gr(k, k+2), and the hypersimplex, an (n-1)-dimensional polytope in R^n. The amplituhedron and hypersimplex are both images of the totally nonnegative Grassmannian under some map (the amplituhedron map and the moment map, respectively), but are different dimensions and live in very different ambient spaces. I’ll talk about joint work with Matteo Parisi and Lauren Williams in which we give a bijection between decompositions of the amplituhedron and decompositions of the hypersimplex (originally conjectured by Lukowski–Parisi–Williams). The hypersimplex decompositions are closely related to matroidal subdivisions. Along the way, we prove a nice description of the m=2 amplituhedron conjectured by Arkani-Hamed–Thomas–Trnka and give a new decomposition of the m=2 amplituhedron into Eulerian-number-many chambers, inspired by an analogous triangulation of the hypersimplex into Eulerian-number-many simplices.

     

    Thursday, April 28, 2022

    9:30 am–10:30 amClaudia FevolaTitle: Nonlinear Algebra meets Feynman integrals

    Abstract: Feynman integrals play a central role in particle physics in the theory of scattering amplitudes. They form a finite-dimensional vector space and the elements of a basis are named “master integrals” in the physics literature. The number of master integrals has been interpreted in different ways: it equals the dimension of a twisted de Rham cohomology group, the Euler characteristic of a very affine variety, and the holonomic rank of a D-module. In this talk, we are interested in a more general family of integrals that contains Feynman integrals as a special case. We explore this setting using tools coming from nonlinear algebra. This is an ongoing project with Daniele Agostini, Anna-Laura Sattelberger, and Simon Telen.

    10:30 am–11:00 amCOFFEE BREAK
    11:00 am–11:45 amSimon TelenTitle: Landau discriminants

    Abstract: The Landau discriminant is a projective variety containing kinematic parameters for which a Feynman integral can have singularities. We present a definition and geometric properties. We discuss how to compute Landau discriminants using symbolic and numerical methods. Our methods can be used, for instance, to compute the Landau discriminant of the pentabox diagram, which is a degree 12 hypersurface in 6-space. This is joint work with Sebastian Mizera.

    11:45 am–2:00 pmLUNCH BREAK
    2:00 pm–2:45 pmChristian GaetzTitle: 1-skeleton posets of Bruhat interval polytopes

    Abstract: Bruhat interval polytopes are a well-studied class of generalized permutohedra which arise as moment map images of various toric varieties and totally positive spaces in the flag variety. I will describe work in progress in which I study the 1-skeleta of these polytopes, viewed as posets interpolating between weak order and Bruhat order. In many cases these posets are lattices and the polytopes, despite not being simple, have interesting h-vectors. In a special case, work of Williams shows that Bruhat interval polytopes are isomorphic to bridge polytopes, so that chains in the 1-skeleton poset correspond to BCFW-bridge decompositions of plabic graphs.

    2:45 pm–3:30 pmMadeleine BrandtTitle: Top Weight Cohomology of $A_g$

    Abstract: I will discuss a recent project in computing the top weight cohomology of the moduli space $A_g$ of principally polarized abelian varieties of dimension $g$ for small values of $g$. This piece of the cohomology is controlled by the combinatorics of the boundary strata of a compactification of $A_g$. Thus, it can be computed combinatorially. This is joint work with Juliette Bruce, Melody Chan, Margarida Melo, Gwyneth Moreland, and Corey Wolfe.

    3:30 pm–4:00 pmCOFFEE BREAK
    4:00 pm–5:00 pmEmma PreviatoTitle: Sigma function on curves with non-symmetric semigroup

    Abstract: We start with an overview of the correspondence between spectral curves and commutative rings of differential operators, integrable hierarchies of non-linear PDEs and Jacobian vector fields. The coefficients of the operators can be written explicitly in terms of the Kleinian sigma function: Weierstrass’ sigma function was generalized to genus greater than one by Klein, and is a ubiquitous tool in integrability. The most accessible case is the sigma function of telescopic curves. In joint work with J. Komeda and S. Matsutani, we construct a curve with non-symmetric Weierstrass semigroup (equivalently, Young tableau), consequently non-telescopic, and its sigma function. We conclude with possible applications to commutative rings of differential operators.

    6:00 pmDinner Banquet, Gran Gusto Trattoria

     

    Friday, April 29, 2022

    9:00 am–10:00 amYuji KodamaTitle: KP solitons and algebraic curves

    Abstract: It is well-known that soliton solutions of the KdV hierarchy are obtained by singular limits of hyper-elliptic curves. However, there is no general results for soliton solutions of the KP hierarchy, KP solitons. In this talk, I will show that some of the KP solitons are related to the singular space curves associated with certain class of numerical semigroups.

    10:00 am–10:30 amCOFFEE BREAK
    10:30 am–11:15 amYelena MandelshtamTitle: Curves, degenerations, and Hirota varieties

    Abstract: The Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) equation is a differential equation whose study yields interesting connections between integrable systems and algebraic geometry. In this talk I will discuss solutions to the KP equation whose underlying algebraic curves undergo tropical degenerations. In these cases, Riemann’s theta function becomes a finite exponential sum that is supported on a Delaunay polytope. I will introduce the Hirota variety which parametrizes all KP solutions arising from such a sum. I will then discuss a special case, studying the Hirota variety of a rational nodal curve. Of particular interest is an irreducible subvariety that is the image of a parameterization map. Proving that this is a component of the Hirota variety entails solving a weak Schottky problem for rational nodal curves. This talk is based on joint work with Daniele Agostini, Claudia Fevola, and Bernd Sturmfels.

    11:15 am–12:00 pmCharles WangTitle: Differential Algebra of Commuting Operators

    Abstract: In this talk, we will give an overview of the problem of finding the centralizer of a fixed differential operator in a ring of differential operators, along with connections to integrable hierarchies and soliton solutions to e.g. the KdV or KP equations. Given these interesting connections, it is important to be able to compute centralizers of differential operators, and we discuss how to use techniques from differential algebra to approach this question, as well as how having these computational tools can help in understanding the structure of soliton solutions to these equations.

    12:00 pm–2:00 pmLUNCH BREAK
    2:00 pm–3:00 pmSebastian MizeraTitle: Feynman Polytopes

    Abstract: I will give an introduction to a class of polytopes that recently emerged in the study of scattering amplitudes in quantum field theory.

    3:00 pm–3:30 pmCOFFEE BREAK
    3:30 pm–4:30 pmNima Arkani-HamedTitle: Spacetime, Quantum Mechanics and Combinatorial Geometries at Infinity

    CMSA Workshop on Nonlinear Algebra and Combinatorics from Physics

    9:00 AM-6:00 PM
    April 29, 2022-April 29, 2022
    1 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA

    In recent years, ideas from integrable systems and scattering amplitudes have led to advances in nonlinear algebra and combinatorics. In this short workshop, aimed at younger participants in the field, we will explore some of the interactions between the above topics.

    Invited speakers include Federico Ardila, Nima Arkani-Hamed, Madeleine Brandt, Freddy Cachazo, Chris Eur, Claudia Fevola, Christian Gaetz, Yuji Kodama, Fatemeh Mohammadi, Matteo Parisi, Anna Seigal, Melissa Sherman-Bennett, Simon Telen, and Charles Wang.

     

    The workshop will be held in room G10 of the CMSA, located at 20 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA


    For more information, please see https://cmsa.fas.harvard.edu/nonlinear-algebra-and-combinatorics/

    Peg Problems: *Cancelled*

    3:30 PM-4:30 PM
    April 29, 2022
    1 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA

    This event has been cancelled for today, April 29, 2022.


    I will talk about joint work with Andrew Lobb related to Toeplitz’s square peg problem, which asks whether every (continuous) Jordan curve in the Euclidean plane contains the vertices of a square. Specifically, we show that every smooth Jordan curve contains the vertices of a cyclic quadrilateral of any similarity class. I will describe the context for the result and its proof, which involves symplectic geometry in a surprising way.


    This seminar was rescheduled from April 15, 2022**

    https://people.math.harvard.edu/~jxwang/seminar/ for more information

  • 30
    April 30, 2022
    No events